Ascorbic Acid is more commonly known as vitamin C. Vitamin C is well known for its powerful ability to help boost the immune system as well as fight off damage causing free radicals. As an anti-oxidant, Ascorbic acid binds with free radicals, preventing them from damaging cells. This damage can cause early aging and even has been linked to some cancers. By taking ascorbic acid, or vitamin C supplements, you are helping prevent these free-radicals, as well as giving your immune system a boost as well. Vitamin C is integral to cellular metabolism as well and a lack of vitamin C can cause a myriad of issues, including scurvy.

Betaine was named this due to the source it was discovered in, Beta vulgaris or sugar beets, is an organic compound that is deemed related to trimethylaminoethanol, or choline. To diversify it from other betaines, trimethylglycine is often called glycine betaine as well. Humans generally ingest betaine through their diet, because it is high in content in wheat, whole wheat, shellfish, sugar beets and spinach. It can also be formed in the human body out of choline. As a potential methyl donor, trimethylglycine, or TMG for short, is in the same provider group with Vitamin B12, the folic acid, choline and S-adenosyl methionine, or SAMe. TMG also plays a vital function in the production of carnitine, furthermore it works in protecting kidneys and the liver.

Caffeine, is a naturally produced medicine from the seeds and leaves of many plants. It is also produced unnaturally to add to certain foods. Caffeine is termed as a medicine because it arouses the central nervous system, causing enhanced alertness. Caffeine gives most people a short-term energy boost and bump up mood. Caffeine is present in tea, many soft drinks, coffee, chocolate, and pain relievers and other over-the-counter medicines. Caffeine tastes very bitter in its natural form. However, most caffeinated drinks undergo processing to cover-up the bitter taste. You may feel caffeine’s effects for up to 6 hours though it is not stored in the body.

Citric Acid ~

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid or GABA is an amino acid classified as a neurotransmitter that is abundant in the brain. It balances the chemicals in the brain. It is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that keeps the balance between excitement and inhibition –that reduces anxiety, tension, stress and depression. It also helps induce relaxation and sleep. GABA also help stimulates the anterior pituitary that stimulates the production of human growth hormones. Growth Hormones give an anabolic effect which promotes the formation and building of muscles. It also has lipotropic effect that helps in weight management and prevents fat formation. GABA also has antioxidant property that slows down the aging.

Gum Arabic

Kava Kava is a member of the pepper family. It is a tall plant that has been grown and used by the south pacific islands or many years as a ceremonial and social drink and also as a folk cure. Medicines that include kava kava usually consists the properties of its roots. Kava kava is available in many forms such as tea, drink, capsule, tablet etc though earlier it was usually chewed. Kava kava is extremely beneficial to those suffering from insomnia and anxiety as it has the ability to cause high amounts of sedation. Some of the side effects of kava kava include skin rash, visual disturbances, indigestion, headache, mouth numbness, drowsiness etc. those suffering from bleeding disorder shouldn’t consume kava as it interferes with blood clotting.

L-Arginine HCL is an amino acid that builds up protein. This essential amino acid has many health benefits when consumed in doses larger than those acquired normally from diet. Average daily dietary intake of arginine is 5.4 grams that just fulfils minimal requirements of body for tissue repair, immune cell maintenance, and protein synthesis. L-Arginine is needed in the body to synthesize nitric oxide. There are many health benefits linked with proper nitric oxide metabolism. Nitric oxide also regulates blood flow. It enables arterial system to retain its youthful elasticity that may treat hypertension. Research shows that L-Arginine supports natural human growth hormone release from pituitary gland. It also supports muscle mass and can reduce body fat.

L-Citrulline refers to an amino acid that optimized the blood flow by converting into L-arginine and later on as nitric oxide. L-Citrulline includes L-arginine and L-ornithine. This assists in liver detoxification. The L-Citrulline is manufactured in the urea cycle. L-Citrulline promotes ammonia incorporation. L-Citrulline was initially separated from watermelon and this acquired the citrulline owing to the Latin word cirtrullus for watermelon. This amino acid is found in the dietary protein and plays a significant role in recycling Arginine and is also a significant factor in releasing nitric oxide. L-Citrulline is the main element to create Nitric Oxide and involves in amino acid catabolism. This is an energy source for microorganisms and is also employed as identifying test. Oral supplementation is available readily and recently studies have shown that Citrulline is the best cellular Arginine source and besides it also enhances energy. It also motivates the defense mechanism. The recommended dosage is one and quarter teaspoon daily.

L-Dopa can help in the treatment of Parkinson's disease as it effectively improves disability scores of symptoms of the disease. Consuming a lot of broad beans can enhance the levels of L-Dopa (L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) in the body that in turn promotes release of growth hormone from pituitary gland. This increase of HGH is one of the main health benefits of L-Dopa. L-Dopa is a vital amino acid, which is the precursor of dopamine. It is a derivative of amino acid L-tyrosine administered in place of dopamine to the body. L-Dopa can bypass the walls of membranes in the central nervous system and be absorbed by the cells directly, and so converted into dopamine.

L-Lysine- Lysine is an essential alpha amino acid that needs to be ingested and cannot be synthesized by the human body. Sources of L-Lysine include meat, particularly red meat, lamb, poultry and pork, but also cheeses, like parmesan, some fish like cod and sardines and eggs. Several plants are rich in L-Lysine, soybean, lentil, spinach and buckwheat, but also buffalo gourd, watercress, locust bean and many other bean variants, including the common bean. L-Lysine is deemed vital for the overall production of protein, as a structural building block. It seems that L-Lysine also plays a prominent part in the absorption of calcium. Further properties include playing a role in the production of enzymes, hormones and antibodies, but also in the recovery from sports injuries and surgeries.

Lo Han Guo

Mocuna Pruriens Extract

Niacinamide, also known as Nicotinamide is water-soluble and usually found in Vitamin B3. It is normally seen in different dietary supplements as well as energy medications. One good thing about the Niacinamide is that compared to other water soluble vitamins, it does not contain any harmful effects such as flushing or even skin irritations. Niacinamide also has an anti-inflammatory property, because of this, Niacinamide is also being used to cure acne and other kinds of skin diseases. It can either be taken orally, or some kinds of medications include this in their formula as a topical cream or even as a topical gel.

Ornithine HCL is a non-essential amino acid that naturally occurs in the small intestines and in foods such as meat and seeds. It is also used by the body to produce L-arginine, L-proline and polyamines. It also helps stimulate the pituitary gland to produce and excrete more growth hormones that aids in the formation and repair of muscles.. It plays an important part in the synthesis of protein. Ornithine HCL also helps in disposing excess nitrogen in the body. It helps maintain blood sugar and blood pressure level. It also helps keep the tissues supple and flexible and helps ensure that the heart muscle is able to work effectively.

Potassium Sorbate, a potassium salt belonging to sorbic acid, is primarily used as a preservative for various foods and beverages. Potassium sorbate has also gained popularity for its efficiency when used in different personal care products. Commonly, Potassium sorbate is used in molding or as a form of yeast for various foods such as cheese, dried meats, apple cider, yogurt, wines, bake goods and the likes. Potassium sorbate is usually present in dried fruit products and is starting to be used in herbal dietary supplements. The reason why it is widely used for food products is because Potassium sorbate does not impose any harmful side effects.

Sodium is the element that has the atomic number 11 in the periodic table and is commonly known as the main component in the table salt, together with chloride. Interestingly enough, it is probably the one dietary component which does require limitation rather than supplementation, since that average daily nutritional requirement is around half a gram per day. This most popular food seasoning, salt, is providing the most common source of sodium and chloride in human diets, but is generally overused and may cause health problems, such as high blood pressure, if consumed overly generously. The suggested dose of table salt, or rather the upper limit portion, would be somewhat less than 6 gram per day, according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, referenced by FDA. In the UK this limit is set at four grams per day.

Sodium Benzoate

Sodium Citrate is a salt associated with critic acid. It occurs naturally in a variety of foods, including many fruits. It is also an intermediate product of aerobic metabolism in the human body. When consumed in food or produced in the body, sodium citrate quickly degrades into sodium bicarbonate, which functions as an acid buffer. Some studies suggest that taking sodium citrate as a dietary supplement before high-intensity exercise delays fatigue by increasing the availability of sodium bicarbonate in the muscles.

Vitamin B6, which active form pyridoxal phosphate or otherwise known as PLP and pyridoxal-5’-phosphate, is a prosthetic group of tightly bound cofactors responsible for many reactions within the amino acid metabolism and the manipulation of the enzymatic reaction behind the release of glucose from glycogen. Vitamin B6 generally comprises three organic compounds, pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine, all of them heterocyclic organic compounds that are converted in the human body to the active pyridoxal phosphate form. There are three reactions attributed to PLP, namely transamination, alpha elimination and beta elimination. Over one hundred and forty enzyme activities depend on pyridoxal phosphate, neurotransmitter and histamine synthesis, synthesis and function of hemoglobin, and gene expression. As a cofactor, PLP is active in amino acid metabolism, glucogenesis and lipid metabolism.

Vitamin C- The essential nutrient L-ascorbic acid, or rather Vitamin C, is necessary for a wide plethora of metabolic reactions in almost all living beings. In humans, Vitamin C is vital in the collagen synthesis. While most beings are able to make it internally, apes and humans cannot. Interestingly enough, while widely promoted as the best dietary source of Vitamin C, Oranges are dwarfed by the Kakadu plum, which has sixty times the amount. Prominent are rose hips, blackcurrant, red peppers, parsley, the kiwifruit, broccoli, redcurrant, several berries including strawberries and raspberries, as well as more exotic fruits and vegetables like Camu Camu, acerola, seabuckthorn, Indian gooseberry, jujube, guava and baobab. Tomatoes, while very popular Vitamin C source in the US, are very low on the Vitamin C scale.

Yohimbine HCL, also known as 17-hydroxy-yohimban. Yohimbine is an odorless; white crystalline powder; scarcely soluble in water; soluble in chloroform and alcohol. The chemical title is 17-hydroxy-yohimban-16- carboxylic acid, methyl ester. Yohimbine works as a weak blocker of alpha-adrenergic receptor. It is used in angina pectoris and arteriosclerosis, and has been used as a mydriatic and local anesthetic and for its supposed aphrodisiac properties. Yohimbine is a therapeutic derivative of the bark of a tree named Corynanthe yohimbine.